Sections made of various materials are rolled or drawn out of semi-finished goods such as billets or bars; in many cases they are also welded from bar material. They are used in a vast number of applications, requiring a wide variety of mechanical tests. Together with the reinforcing steel and ribbed reinforcement bars so vital to civil engineering they form a group of important structural materials which – in the case of concrete reinforcing steel – are subject to regulatory control.
 
Typical tests: